Histories

The Chians, then, surrendered Pactyes, and afterwards Mazares led his army against those who had helped to besiege Tabalus, and he enslaved the people of Priene [27.2833,37.6333] (Perseus)Priene, and overran the plain of the Maeandrus, giving it to his army to pillage and Magnesia ad Meander [27.416,37.833] (deserted settlement), Aydin Ili, Ege kiyilari, Turkey, AsiaMagnesia likewise. Immediately after this he died of an illness.

After his death, Harpagus, a Mede like Mazares, came down to succeed him in his command; this is the Harpagus who was entertained by Astyages the king of the Medes at that unnatural feast, and who helped win the kingship for Cyrus.

This man was now made general by Cyrus. When he came to Ionia (region (general)), Europe Ionia, he took the cities by means of earthworks; he would drive the men within their walls and then build earthworks against the walls and so take the cities.

Foca [26.75,38.666] (inhabited place), Izmir Ili, Ege kiyilari, Turkey, Asia Phocaea was the first Ionian town that he attacked. These Phocaeans were the earliest of the Greeks to make long sea-voyages, and it was they who discovered the Adriatic Sea [16,43] (sea), Europe Adriatic Sea, and Etruria (region (general)), Italy, EuropeTyrrhenia, and Iberian Peninsula (peninsula), EuropeIberia, and Tartessus,[*](The lower valley of the Guadalquivir (river), Andalusia, Spain, EuropeGuadalquivir. Later Tartessus was identified with Cadiz [-6.3,36.533] (inhabited place), Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain, EuropeGades (Cadiz [-6.3,36.533] (inhabited place), Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain, EuropeCadiz), which Herodotus (Hdt. 4.8) calls Cadiz [-6.3,36.533] (inhabited place), Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain, EuropeGadira.)

not sailing in round freightships but in fifty-oared vessels. When they came to Tartessus they made friends with the king of the Tartessians, whose name was Arganthonius; he ruled Tartessus for eighty years and lived a hundred and twenty.[*](A common Greek tradition, apparently; Anacreon (Fr. 8) says “I would not... rule Tartessus for an hundred and fifty years.)