Histories

Then the one group, having drawn the lot, left the country and came down to Smyrna [27.1667,38.4167] (Perseus) Smyrna and built ships, in which they loaded all their goods that could be transported aboard ship, and sailed away to seek a livelihood and a country; until at last, after sojourning with one people after another, they came to the Ombrici,[*](In northern and central Italy [12.833,42.833] (nation), Europe Italy; the Umbria [12.5,43] (region), Italy, Europe Umbria of Roman history perpetuates the name.) where they founded cities and have lived ever since.

They no longer called themselves Lydians, but Tyrrhenians, after the name of the king's son who had led them there.The Lydians, then, were enslaved by the Persians.

But the next business of my history is to inquire who this Cyrus was who took down the power of Croesus, and how the Persians came to be the rulers of Asia (continent)Asia. I mean then to be guided in what I write by some of the Persians who desire not to magnify the story of Cyrus but to tell the truth, though there are no less than three other accounts of Cyrus which I could give.

After the Assyrians had ruled Upper Asia (continent)Asia for five hundred and twenty years,[*](From 1229 to 709 B.C., as Deioces' reign began in 709.) the Medes were the first who began to revolt from them. These, it would seem, proved their bravery in fighting for freedom against the Assyrians; they cast off their slavery and won freedom. Afterwards, the other subject nations, too, did the same as the Medes.

All of those on the mainland were now free men; but they came to be ruled by monarchs again, as I will now relate. There was among the Medes a clever man called Deioces: he was the son of Phraortes.