Cimon

Plutarch

Plutarch. Plutarch's Lives, Vol. II. Perrin, Bernadotte, translator. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann Ltd., 1914.

It is said that a maiden of Byzantium, of excellent parentage, Cleonice by name, was summoned by Pausanias for a purpose that would disgrace her. Her parents influenced by constraint and fear, abandoned their daughter to her fate, and she, after requesting the attendants before his chamber to remove the light, in darkness and silence at length drew near the couch on which Pausanias was asleep, but accidentally stumbled against the lamp-holder and upset it.

Pausanias, startled by the noise, drew the dagger which lay at his side, with the idea that some enemy was upon him, and smote and felled the maiden. After her death in consequence of the blow, she gave Pausanias no peace, but kept coming into his sleep by night in phantom form, wrathfully uttering this verse:—

  1. Draw thou nigh to thy doom; ’tis evil for men to be wanton.
At this outrage the allies were beyond measure incensed, and joined Cimon in forcing Pausanias to give up the city.

Driven from Byzantium, and still harassed by the phantom, as the story goes, he had recourse to the ghost-oracle of Heracleia, and summoning up the spirit of Cleonice, besought her to forgo her wrath. She came into his presence and said that he would soon cease from his troubles on coming to Sparta, thus darkly intimating, as it seems, his impending death. At any rate, this tale is told by many.

But Cimon, now that the allies had attached themselves to him, took command of them and sailed to Thrace,[*]( 476-475 B.C.) for he heard that men of rank among the Persians and kinsmen of the King held possession of Eion, a city on the banks of the Strymon, and were harassing the Hellenes in that vicinity.

First he defeated the Persians themselves in battle and shut them up in the city; then he expelled from their homes above the Strymon the Thracians from whom the Persians had been getting provisions, put the whole country under guard, and brought the besieged to such straits that Butes, the King’s general, gave up the struggle, set fire to the city, and destroyed with it his family, his treasures, and himself.

And so it was that though Cimon took the city, he gained no other memorable advantage thereby, since most of its treasures had been burned up with the Barbarians; but the surrounding territory was very fertile and fair, and this he turned over to the Athenians for occupation. Wherefore the people permitted him to dedicate the stone Hermae, on the first of which is the inscription:—

  1. Valorous-hearted as well were they who at Eion fighting,
  2. Facing the sons of the Medes, Strymon’s current beside,
  3. Fiery famine arrayed, and gore-flecked Ares, against them,
  4. Thus first finding for foes that grim exit,—despair;
and on the second:—
  1. Unto their leaders reward by Athenians thus hath been given;
  2. Benefits won such return, valorous deeds of the brave.
  3. All the more strong at the sight will the men of the future be eager,
  4. Fighting for commonwealth, war’s dread strife to maintain;

and on the third:—

  1. With the Atridae of old, from this our city, Menestheus
  2. Led his men to the plain Trojan called and divine.
  3. He, once Homer asserted, among well-armoured Achaeans,
  4. Marshaller was of the fight, best of them all who had come.
  5. Thus there is naught unseemly in giving that name to Athenians;
  6. Marshallers they both of war and of the vigor of men.