(Ξενίας).

1. A Parrhasian, was a commander of mercenaries in the service of Cyrus the younger, whom he accompanied, with a body of 300 men, to court, when he was summoned thither by his father, Dareius Nothus, in B. C. 405. After the return of Cyrus to western Asia, we find Xenias commanding for him the garrisons in the several Ionian states, and with the greater portion of these troops, viz. 4000 hoplites, he joined the prince in his expedition against Artaxerxes, leaving behind only a sufficient number of men to guard the citadels. At Tarsus a large body of his soldiers and of those of Pasion the Megarian quitted their standards for that of Clearchus; and, Cyrus having afterwards allowed the latter to retain them, Xenias and Pasion abandoned the army at Myriandrus, and sailed away to Greece. (Xen. Anab. 1.1.2, 2. §§ 1, 3, 10, 3.7, 4. §§ 7, 8.) [PASION, No. 1.]

2 An Elean, of great wealth, who was a proxenus of Sparta, and was also connected by private ties of hospitality with king Agis II. In B. C. 400, during the war between Sparta and Elis, Xenias and his oligarchical partizans made an attempt to bear down their adversaries by force, and to subject their country to the Lacedaemonians. Sallying out into the streets, they murdered several of their opponents, and among them a man whom they mistook for Thrasydaeus, the leader of the democratic party. Thrasydaeus, however, who had fallen asleep under the influence of wine, soon rallied his friends, defeated the oligarchs in a battle, and drove the chief men among them into exile. (Xen. Hill. 3.2. §§ 27, 28; Paus. 3.8; Diod. 14.17) [THRASYDAEUS.]