<GetPassage xmlns:tei="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns="http://chs.harvard.edu/xmlns/cts">
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                <urn>urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1:T.tullia_2</urn>
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                    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><text xml:base="urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1"><body xml:lang="eng" n="urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1"><div type="textpart" subtype="alphabetic_letter" n="T"><div type="textpart" subtype="entry" xml:id="tullia-bio-2" n="tullia_2"><head><persName xml:lang="la"><surname full="yes">Tu'llia</surname></persName></head><p>frequently called by the diminutive TULLIOLA, was the daughter of M. Cicero and Terentia.
      The year of her birth is not mentioned, but it was probably in <date when-custom="-79">B. C.
       79</date> or 78. [<hi rend="smallcaps">TERENTIA</hi>, No. 1.] Her birthday was on the 5th of
      Sextilis or August. She was betrothed as early as <date when-custom="-67">B. C. 67</date> to C.
      Calpurnius Piso Frugi, whom she married in <date when-custom="-63">B. C. 63</date> during the
      consulship of her father. At the time of Cicero's exile (<date when-custom="-58">B. C. 58</date>).
      Tullia displayed a warm interest in his fate. She and her husband threw themselves at the feet
      of the consul Piso to implore his pity on behalf of their father. During Cicero's banishment
      Tullia lost her first husband : he was alive at the end of <date when-custom="-58">B. C. 58</date>,
      but she was a widow when she welcomed her father at Brundsium on his return from exile, in
      August of the following year. She was married again in <date when-custom="-56">B. C. 56</date> to
      Furius Crassipes, a young man of rank and large property; but she did not live with him long,
      though the time and the reason of her divorce are alike unknown. [<hi rend="smallcaps">CRASSIPES</hi>, No. 2.] In <date when-custom="-50">B. C. 50</date> she was married to her third
      husband, P. Cornelius Dolabella, one of the most profligate young men of a most profligate
      age. Cicero was well acquainted with the scandalous private life of his future son-in-law, for
      although the latter was still only twenty, he had been already twice defended by the orator in
      a court of justice when accused of the most abominable crimes. But the patrician birth, high
      connections, and personal beauty of Dolabella, covered a multitude of sins as well in Cicero's
      eves as in those of his wife and daughter. Dolabella had been previously married and divorced
      his wife Fabia for the purpose of marrying Tullia. The marriage took place during Cicero's
      absence in Cilicia. The connection, as might have been anticipated, was not a happy one. On
      the breaking out of the civil war in <date when-custom="-49">B. C. 49</date>, the husband and the
      father of Tullia espoused opposite sides. While Dolabella fought for Caesar, and Cicero took
      refuge in the camp of Pompey, Tullia remained in Italy. She was pregnant at the commencement
      of the war, and on the 19th of May, <date when-custom="-49">B. C. 49</date>, was delivered of a
      seven months' child, which was very weak, and died soon afterwards. After the battle of
      Pharsalia, Dolabella returned to Rome, but brought no consolation to his wife. He carried on
      numerous intrigues with various Roman ladies; and the weight of his debts had become so
      intolerable that he caused himself to be adopted into a plebeian family, in order to obtain
      the tribuneship of the people, and thus be able to bring forward a measure for the abolition
      of debts. He was elected tribune at the end of <date when-custom="-48">B. C. 48</date>, and
      forthwith commenced to carry his schemes into execution. But Antony took up arms, and
      Dolabella was defeated. In the midst of these tumults Tullia, who had been long suffering from
      ill health. set out to join her father at Brundusium, which place she reached in June, <date when-custom="-47">B. C. 47</date>. Cicero, however, was unwilling that even his own daughter should
      be a witness of his degradation, and he therefore sent her back to her mother. Dolabelia's
      conduct had been so scandalous, that a divorce would have been the proper course; but this
      Cicero would not adopt, as he feared the anger of the dictator, and was unwilling to lose a
      friend in Dolabella. He did not, however, require his intercession, for Caesar not only
      pardoned him but received him as his friend, when he landed in Italy in September (<date when-custom="-47">B. C. 47</date>). Cicero returned to Rome, and Dolabella was likewise pardoned by
      Caesar. In December Dolabella went to Africa to fight against the Pompeian party, but he came
      back to Italy in the summer of the following year (<date when-custom="-46">B. C. 46</date>). Tullia
      and her husband now lived together again for a short time, but before Dolabella left for Spain
      at the end of the year, <pb n="1183"/> a divorce had taken place by mutual consent. At the
      beginning of the following year (<date when-custom="-45">B. C. 45</date>) Tullia was delivered of a
      son. As soon as she was sufficiently recovered to bear the fatigues of a journey, she
      accompanied her father to Tusculum, but she died there in February. <note anchored="true" place="margin">* It
       is stated by Middleton (<hi rend="ital">Life of Cicero,</hi> vol. ii. p. 365), on the
       authority of Plutarch (<bibl n="Plut. Cic. 41">Plut. Cic. 41</bibl> ), that Tullia died at
       Dolabella's house at Rome ; bat Plutarch does not say so; and Drumann has shown clearly from
       passages in Cicero's letters, that she died at her father's Tusculan villa.</note> It appears
      from Cicero's correspondence that she had long been unwell, and the birth of her child
      hastened her death. Her loss was a severe blow to Cicero : he had recently divorced his wife
      Terentia, and married a young wife Publilia, without however adding to his domestic happiness;
      and thus he had clung to Tullia more than ever. His friends hastened to console him; and among
      the many consolatory letters which he received on the occasion is the well-known one from the
      celebrated jurist Serv. Sulpicius (<hi rend="ital">ad Fam.</hi> 4.5). To dissipate his grief,
      Cicero drew up a treatise on consolation, in which he chiefly imitated Crantor the Academician
       [<hi rend="smallcaps">CICERO</hi>, p. 733b.]; and to show his love to the deceased. he
      resolved to build a splendid monument to her honour, which was to be consecrated as a temple.
      in which she might receive the worship both of himself and of others. This project he
      frequently mentions in his letters to Atticus, but the death of Caesar in the following year,
      and the active part which Cicero then took in public affairs, prevented him from carrying his
      design into effect. Tullia's child survived his mother. He is called Lentulus by Cicero (<bibl n="Cic. Att. 12.28">Cic. Att. 12.28</bibl>), a name which was also borne by his father by
      adoption; and as Dolabella was absent in Spain, and was moreover unable from his extravagance
      to make any provision for his child, Cicero took charge of him, and while he was in the
      country wrote to Atticus, to beg him to take care that the child was properly attended to.
       (<bibl n="Cic. Att. 12.28">Cic. Att. 12.28</bibl>.) The boy probably died in infancy, as no
      further mention is made of him. The numerous passages in Cicero's correspondence in which
      Tullia is spoken of, are collected in Orelli's <hi rend="ital">Onomasticon Tullianum</hi>
      (vol. ii. pp. 596, 597), and her life is written at length by Drumann (<hi rend="ital">Geschichte Roms,</hi> vol. vi. p. 696, foll.)</p></div></div></body></text></TEI>
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