1. A Persian who held the government of Parthia and Hyrcania, under Dareius Codomannus, and
joined that monarch with the contingents from the provinces subject to his rule, shortly
before the battle of Arbela, B. C. 331. He afterwards accompanied
the king on his flight into Hyrcania, but, after the death of Dareius, surrendered voluntarily
to Alexander, by whom he was kindly received,
and appears to have been shortly after reinstated in his of Parthia, during the
advance of Alexander against Bessus, when he was
detached by the king, together with Erigyius and Caranus to crush the revolt of Satibarzanes,
in Asia. He rejoined the king at Zariaspa, the following year. The next winter (B. C. 328-327), during the stay of Alexander at Nautaca, we find Phrataphernes again
despatched to reduce the disobedient satrap of the Mardi and Tapui, Autophradates, a service
which he successfully performed, and brought the rebel a captive to the kiln, by whom he was
subsequently put to death. He rejoined Alexander
in India, shortly after the defeat of Porus; but seems to have again returned to his satrapy,
from whence we find him sending his son Pharasmanes with a large train of camels and beasts of
burthen, laden with provisions for the supply of the army during the toilsome march through
Gedrosia (Arr. Anab. 3.8, 23,
28, 4.7, 18, 5.20, 6.27; Curt. 6.4.23, 8.3.17, 9.10.17). From this time we hear no more of him until after the
death of Alexander. In the first division of the
provinces consequent on that event, he retained his government (Diod.
18.3); but it is probable that he died previously to the second partition at
Triparadeisus (B. C. 321), as on that occasion we find the satrapy
of Parthia bestowed on Philip, who had been previously governor of Sogdiana. (Droysen, Hellenism. vol. i. pp. 49, 151.)