3. A Lycian, was appointed by Alexander the Great to command the force sent into Sogdiana against Spitamenes in B. C. 329. The result of the expedition was disastrous. [CARANUS, No. 3.] Pharnuches had been entrusted with its superintendence, because he was acquainted with the language of the barbarians of the region, and had shown much dexterity in his intercourse with them. According to Aristobulus he was conscious of his deficiency in military skill, and wished to cede the command to the three Macedonian officers who were acting under him, but they refused to accept it. (Arr. Anab. 4.3, 5, 6; Curt. 7.6, 7.)