(Μαρτίαλιος), a physician and anatomist at Rome, who was born about the year 95 after Christ. Galen became personally acquainted with him during his first visit to Rome, about A. D. 165, and speaks of him as an envious and quarrelsome person. He was a follower or admirer of Erasistratus, and wrote some anatomical works, which were in great repute for some years after his death (Galen, De Libris Propriis, 100.1, vol. xix. p. 13). He is probably the same person as the physician named Marcianus, though it is not quite certain which name is correct.