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                    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><text xml:base="urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1"><body xml:lang="eng" n="urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1"><div type="textpart" subtype="alphabetic_letter" n="I"><div type="textpart" subtype="entry" xml:id="jornandes-bio-1" n="jornandes_1"><head><persName xml:lang="la"><surname full="yes">Jornandes</surname></persName></head><p>or JORDA'NES, as he is called, perhaps correctly, in the Codex Ambrosianus, and some other
      MS. of his works, an historian of more renown than merit, yet of such great importance, that
      without him our knowledge of the Goths and other barbarians would be very limited. He lived in
      the time of the emperor Justinian I., or in the sixth century of our era, but we know neither
      the time of his birth nor that of his death. He was a Goth; his father's name was
      Alanovamuthis, and his grandlather, Peria, had been notarius, or private and state secretary,
      to Candax, king of the Alani. Jornandes held the same office at the court of the king of the
      Alani, adopted the Christian religion, took orders, and was made a bishop in Italy. It is said
      that he was bishop of Ravenna, but this opinion does not rest on sufficient evidence, and is
      the less credible as his name does not occur in the "Vitae Episcoporum Ravennatium " by
      Agnellus, who lived in the middle of the ninth century.</p><div><head>Works</head><p>Jornandes is the author of two historical works written in the Latin language.</p><div><head><title xml:lang="la">De Getarum (Gothorum) Origine et Rebus Gestis</title></head><p>The first is entitled <title xml:lang="la">De Getarum (Gothorum) Origine et Rebus
         Gestis,</title> in which he relates the history of the Goths from their earliest migrations
        down to their subjugation by Belisarius in 541; adding, however, some facts which took place
        after that event, from which we may infer the time when he wrote. Aschbach, the eminent
        author of the <title>Geschichte der Westgothen,</title> characterises this work as follows:
        " In many respects this work is very valuable, because the author has derived much
        information from the old traditions of the Goths, and relates things which we find neither
        in the Roman nor in the Greek writers. In other respects, however, it deserves very little
        credit, since it is written without any criticism, abounding in fables, and betraying every
        where the author's extreme ignorance. He is the principal source of the common belief which
        confounded the Goths, the Getae, and the Scythians, being misled by earlier Roman and Greek
        writers, with whose works he was well acquainted ; and he thus ascribes to the Goths
        whatever the ancients report of the Scythians and Getae, and places the emigration of the
        Goths in the remotest time. His accounts of the settlement of the Goths on the Black Sea,
        and their extensive dominions and great power during the reign of king Hermanric (in the
        middle of the fourth century), are among the best parts of his work." Jornandes is chiefly
        to be blamed for his partiality to his countrymen, incorrectness, confusion of events,
        anachronisms, and want of historical knowledge. According to his own statement (Dedication
        to Castalius), his book is an extract from the lost history of <pb n="608"/> the Goths, or
        Getae, as he calls them, in twelve volumes, by the " Senator" (Cassiodorus), to which he
        added several things which he had read Roman and Greek writers, and he also drew up the
        conclusion and the commencement, as well as many episodes, according to his own knowledge or
        taste. It would be unjust to charge Jornandes with pure inventions; his fault is credulity
        and want of judgment; and none of his statements ought to be rejected without a previous
        careful examination. This remark refers, among other examples, to his account of the second
        invasion of Gaul by Attila, for which he is the only authority. In spite of so many defects,
        the history of the Goths by Jornandes is a very interesting work, and whatever may have been
        said against him by modern historians, they show by the numerous quotations of his name that
        they owe a great deal of information to him.</p></div><div><head><title xml:lang="la">De Regnorum ac Temporum Successione</title></head><p>The second work of Jornandes is entitled <title xml:lang="la">De Regnorum ac Temporum
         Successione,</title> being a short compendium of the most remarkable events from the
        creation down to the victory obtained by Narses, in 552, over king Theodatus. It is only
        valuable for some accounts of several barbarous nations of the north, and the countries
        which they inhabited.</p></div></div><div><head>Editions</head><p>Editions, nearly all of which comprehend both the works:-<bibl>Editio princeps, with Paulus
        Diaconus, by C. Peutinger, Augsburg, 1515, fol.</bibl>; <bibl>with Procopius, by Beatus
        Rhenanus, Basel, 1531, fol.</bibl>; <bibl>with Cassiodorus, by G. Fourrier, Paris, 1579,
        fol., 1583</bibl>, and often, by <bibl>B. Vulcanius, with Procopius and some minor writers,
        Leyden, 1597, 8vo.</bibl>; <bibl>the same, reprinted in <hi rend="ital">Scriptores Goth. et
         Longob. Rer.,</hi> Leyden, 1617, 8vo., and in Hugo Grotius, <hi rend="ital">Hist. Goth.
         Vand. et Longob.,</hi> Amsterdam, 1655, 1676, 8vo., by Gruter, in <hi rend="ital">Hist.
         Aug. Script. Lat. Min.,</hi> Hanover, 1611, fol.; by Lindenbrog, with Isidorus and Pauls
        Diaconus, Hamburg, 1611, 4to.; by Garet, with Cassiodorus, Paris, 1679, fol., reprinted
        Venice, 1729, fol.</bibl>; <bibl>the same, revised by Muratori, in vol. i. part i. of his
         <title xml:lang="la">Script. Rer. Ital.:</title></bibl> these are the two best editions.
       There are several others, but we still want a good critical edition.</p></div><div><head>Translations</head><p>There is <bibl>a bad French translation by Drouet de Maupertuy</bibl>, and <bibl>a better
        one in Swedish, by J. T. Peringskiöld, Stockholm, 1719, 4to.</bibl></p></div><div><head>Commentaries</head><p>Swedish scholars, especially <bibl>Peringskiöld</bibl> and <bibl>Eric
       Benzelius</bibl>, have devoted much time and labour to writing commentaries upon Jornandes,
       which the reader ought to peruse with no less caution than the original.</p></div><div><head>Further Information</head><p>Fabric. <hi rend="ital">Bibl. Med. et Inf Latinit.; Bibl. Lat.</hi> vol. iii. p. 7; Voss.
        <hi rend="ital">De Hist. Lat.</hi> lib. ii.</p></div><byline>[<ref target="author.W.P">W.P</ref>]</byline></div></div></body></text></TEI>
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