<GetPassage xmlns:tei="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns="http://chs.harvard.edu/xmlns/cts">
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                <requestUrn>urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1:H.hyginus_gromaticus_1</requestUrn>
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                <passage>
                    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><text xml:base="urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1"><body xml:lang="eng" n="urn:cts:pdlrefwk:viaf88890045.003.perseus-eng1"><div type="textpart" subtype="alphabetic_letter" n="H"><div type="textpart" subtype="entry" xml:id="hyginus-gromaticus-bio-1" n="hyginus_gromaticus_1"><head><label xml:id="phi-1266"><persName xml:lang="la"><surname full="yes">Hygi'nus</surname>,
         <forename full="yes">Groma'ticus</forename></persName></label></head><p>so called from his profession. The Gromatici derived their name from the <hi rend="ital">gruma</hi> or <hi rend="ital">gnomon,</hi> an instrument used in land surveying and
      castrametation. We possess, under the name of Hyginus (or Hygenus, according to the spelling
      of the manuscripts), fragments connected with both these subjects.</p><div><head>Works</head><div><head><title xml:lang="la" xml:id="phi-1266.001">de Limitibus Constituendis</title></head><p>In a fragment, <title xml:id="phi-1266.004" xml:lang="la">de Limitibus
         Constituendis</title>, which is attributed by its title to the <hi rend="ital">freedman of
         Augustus,</hi> the author speaks of a division of lands in Pannonia <hi rend="ital">lately</hi> undertaken at the command of Trajan. (Ed. Goes. pp. 150. 209.)</p></div><div><head><title xml:lang="la" xml:id="phi-1266.002">De Conditionibus Agrorum</title></head><p>In the collections of Agrimensores, severally edited by Turnebus, Rigaltius, and Goesius,
        there is also published under the name of Hyginus a fragment <ref target="phi-1266.002"><title xml:lang="la">De Conditionibus Agrorum</title></ref> (ed. Goes. p. 205). This
        fragment preserves a clause which was usually contained in the lex agraria of a colony
        founded by an emperor. The <title>Fragmentum Agrarium de Limitibus</title> (Goes. p. 215),
        which is attributed in one manuscript to Hyginus, and in another to Frontinus, is
        adjudicated by Niebuhr to the latter.</p><p>The commentaries of Aggenus Urbicus, and the <hi rend="ital">Liber Simplici</hi> (Goes. p.
        76), preserve some passages from Frontinus and Hyginus, but it is difficult to distinguish
        the borrowed passages from the additions of the later compiler.</p></div><div><head><title xml:lang="la" xml:id="phi-1266.003">Controversiae</title></head><p>In the <title>Rheinisches Museum für Jurisprudenz,</title> vol. vii. p. 137, Blume
        published a treatise <hi rend="ital">de Controversüs Agrorum,</hi> which Rudorff once
        supposed to be the work of Siculus Flaccus [<hi rend="smallcaps">FLACCUS, SICULUS</hi>], but
        which, upon probable grounds, was attributed by Blume to Hyginus. It is reprinted by Giraud,
        in his <title xml:lang="la">Rei Agrariae Scriptorum Nobiliores Reliquiae,</title> p. 54.
        (Paris, 1843.) While the work of Frontinus on the same subject treats of fifteen <ref target="phi-1266.003"><title xml:lang="la">Controversiae</title></ref>, this treats of six
        only, namely:--1. de Alluvione, atque Abluvione; 2. de Fine (in which occurs a passage
        ignorantly transposed from a different work of Siculus Flaccus); 3. de Loco; 4. de Modo; 5.
        de Jure Subsecivorum; 6. de Jure Territorii. Under the fifth <ref target="phi-1266.003"><title>Controversia,</title></ref> the writer mentions constitutions of Vespasian, Titus,
        Domitian, and <hi rend="ital">Divas</hi> Nerva. This agrees with the inference as to the
        date of Hyginus Gromaticus, derivable from the fragment <ref target="phi-1266.004"><title>de
          Limitibus Constituendis.</title></ref></p></div><div><head><title xml:lang="la" xml:id="phi-1266.005">de Castrametatione</title></head><p>The work of Hyginus <ref target="phi-1266.005"><title xml:lang="la">de
          Castrametatione</title></ref> was frequently cited by Lipsius from manuscript.</p><div><head>Editions</head><p>The <ref target="phi-1266.005"><title xml:lang="la">de Castrametatione</title></ref> was
         first published, with other treatises relating to the art of war, by <bibl>P. Scriverius,
          4to. Antwerp, 1607, and again 1621.</bibl>
         <bibl>There is a subsequent edition by R. H. Scheel, under the title, "Hygini Gromatici et
          Polybii Megalopolitani de Castris Romanis quae extant, cum notis et animadversionibus,
          quibls accedunt Dissertationes aliquot de re eadem militari a R. H. S." (4to. Amstel.
          1660</bibl>, and <bibl>Graevii <hi rend="ital">Thes. Ant. Rom.</hi> vol. x. p.
         599.</bibl>)</p></div></div></div><div><head>Assessement</head><p>The difficulties of the subject, and the obscurities of the style, added to the confusion
       and corruption of the manuscripts, render these works exceedingly crabbed. Zeiss, in his
       essays on the Agrimensores in the <title>Zeitschrift für Alterthumswissenschaft</title>
       for 1840, discusses the question of their authorship, and is disposed, principally on account
       of a passage in the preface to the Astronomicon, to identify Hyginus Gromaticus with the
       author of that work and the mythographer. It appears to the writer of this article, that C.
       Julius Hyginus, the freedman of Augustus, gave origin to the title of most of the works
       passing under the name of Hyginus. The Augustan author wrote on similar subjects; and it is
       not unlikely that subsequent text-books were called by the name of their prototypes, as we
       may designate a spelling-book <hi rend="ital">a Mavor,</hi> a book of arithmetic <hi rend="ital">a Cocker,</hi> or a jest-book <hi rend="ital">a Joe Miller.</hi></p><p>For references to detailed information concerning the Agrimensores and their art, see <ref target="frontinus-sex-julius-bio-1">Frontinus</ref>. </p></div><byline>[<ref target="author.J.T.G">J.T.G</ref>]</byline></div></div></body></text></TEI>
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