<GetPassage xmlns:tei="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns="http://chs.harvard.edu/xmlns/cts">
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                <requestUrn>urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng2:7.16-7.19</requestUrn>
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                <urn>urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng2:7.16-7.19</urn>
                <passage>
                    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><text xml:lang="eng"><body><div type="translation" xml:lang="eng" n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng2"><div n="7" subtype="chapter" type="textpart"><div n="16" subtype="section" type="textpart"><p>But Eurylochus saw these things and <pb n="289"/>reported them to Ulysses.
                        And Ulysses went to Circe with moly,<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">As to moly, see <bibl n="Hom. Od. 10.302">Hom. Od.
                                10.302-306</bibl>. Homer says that it was a plant dug up from the
                            earth, with a black root and a white flower. According to
                                <bibl>Theophrastus, Hist. Plant. ix.15.7</bibl>, moly resembled
                                <foreign xml:lang="lat">Allium nigrum</foreign>, which was found in the
                            valley of Pheneus and on Mount Cyllene in northern <name type="place" key="tgn,7002735">Arcadia</name>; he says it had a round root, like
                            an onion, and a leaf like a squill, and that it was used as an antidote
                            to spells and enchantments. But probably the moly of Homer grew on no
                            earthly hill or valley, but only in “fairyland forlorn.”</note> which he
                        had received from Hermes, and throwing the moly among her enchantments, he
                        drank and alone was not enchanted. Then drawing his sword, he would have
                        killed her, but she appeased his wrath and restored his comrades. And when
                        he had taken an oath of her that he should suffer no harm, Ulysses shared
                        her bed, and a son, Telegonus, was born to him.<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">Telegonus is unknown to Homer, who
                            mentions no offspring of Ulysses by the enchantress Circe. He is named
                            as a son of Ulysses and Circe by Hesiod in a line which is suspected,
                            however, of being spurious (<bibl n="Hes. Th. 1014">Hes. Th.
                            1014</bibl>). He was recognized by Hagias in his epic, <title>The
                                Returns</title>, and by another Cyclic poet Eugammon of <name type="place" key="tgn,7000639">Cyrene</name>; indeed Eugammon
                            composed an epic called the <title>Telegony</title> on the adventures of
                            Telegonus, but according to him Telegonus was a son of Ulysses by
                            Calypso, not by Circe. See <bibl>Epicorum Graecorum Fragmenta, ed. G.
                                Kinkel, pp. 56, 57ff.</bibl>; <bibl>Eustathius on Hom. Od. xvi.118,
                                p. 1796</bibl>. According to <bibl>Hyginus, Fab. 125</bibl>, Ulysses
                            had two sons, Nausithous and Telegonus, by Circe. As to Telegonus, see
                            also below, <bibl n="Apollod. Epit. E.7.36">Apollod. E.7.36ff.</bibl>
                  </note>
               </p></div><div n="17" subtype="section" type="textpart"><p>Having tarried a year there, he sailed the ocean, and offered sacrifices to
                        the souls,<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">The visit of
                            Ulysses to the land of the dead is the theme of the eleventh book of the
                                <title>Odyssey</title>. Compare <bibl>Hyginus, Fab. 125</bibl>. The
                            visit was the subject of one of the two great pictures by Polygnotus at
                                <name type="place" key="perseus,Delphi">Delphi</name>. See <bibl n="Paus. 10.28">Paus. 10.28-31</bibl>.</note> and by Circe's advice
                        consulted the soothsayer Tiresias,<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">As to the consultation with Tiresias, see <bibl n="Hom. Od. 11.90">Hom. Od. 11.90-151</bibl>.</note> and beheld the
                        souls both of heroes and of heroines. He also looked on his mother
                            Anticlia<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">As to the
                            interview of Ulysses with his mother, see <bibl n="Hom. Od. 11.153">Hom.
                                Od. 11.153-224</bibl>.</note> and Elpenor, who had died of a fall in
                        the house of Circe.<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">In the
                            hot air of Circe's enchanted isle Elpenor had slept for coolness on the
                            roof of the palace; then, suddenly wakened by the noise and bustle of
                            his comrades making ready to depart, he started up and, forgetting to
                            descend by the ladder, tumbled from the roof and broke his neck. In his
                            hurry to be off, Ulysses had not stayed to bury his dead comrade; so the
                            soul of Elpenor, unwept and unburied, was the first to meet his captain
                            on the threshold of the spirit land. See <bibl n="Hom. Od. 10.552">Hom.
                                Od. 10.552-560</bibl>; <bibl n="Hom. Od. 11.51">Hom. Od.
                                11.51-83</bibl>.</note>
               </p></div><div n="18" subtype="section" type="textpart"><p><milestone unit="para"/>And having come to Circe he was sent on his way by
                        her, and put to sea, and sailed past the isle of the <pb n="291"/>Sirens.<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">As to the
                            return of Ulysses to the isle of Circe, and his sailing past the Sirens,
                            see <bibl n="Hom. Od. 12.1">Hom. Od. 12.1-200</bibl>; <bibl>Hyginus,
                                Fab. 125</bibl>. Homer does not name the Sirens individually nor
                            mention their parentage, but by using the dual in reference to them
                                (<bibl n="Hom. Od. 12.52">Hom. Od. 12.52</bibl>; <bibl n="Hom. Od. 12.167">Hom. Od. 12.167</bibl>) he indicates that they
                            were two in number. Sophocles, in his play <title>Ulysses</title>,
                            called the Sirens daughters of Phorcus, and agreed with Homer in
                            recognizing only two of them. See <bibl>Plut. Quaest. Conviv.
                                ix.14.6</bibl>; <bibl><title>The Fragments of Sophocles</title>, ed. A. C. Pearson,
                                iii.66, frag. 861</bibl>. Apollonius Rhodius says that the Muse
                            Terpsichore bore the Sirens to Achelous (<bibl>Ap. Rhod., Argon.
                                iv.895ff.</bibl>). Hyginus names four of them, Teles, Raidne, Molpe,
                            and Thelxiope (<bibl>Hyginus, Fab. praefat. p. 30, ed. Bunte</bibl>),
                            and, in agreement with Apollodorus, says that they were the offspring of
                            Achelous by the Muse Melpomene. Tzetzes calls them Parthenope, Leucosia,
                            and Ligia, but adds that other people named them Pisinoe, Aglaope, and
                            Thelxiepia, and that they were the children of Achelous and Terpsichore.
                            With regard to the parts which they took in the bewitching concert, he
                            agrees with Apollodorus. See <bibl>Tzetzes, Scholiast on Lycophron
                                712</bibl>. According to a <bibl>Scholiast on Ap. Rhod.,
                                Argon.iv.892</bibl>, their names were Thelxiope, or Thelxione,
                            Molpe, and Aglaophonus. As to their names and parents see also
                                <bibl>Eustathius on Hom. Od. 12. p. 1709</bibl>, <bibl>Scholiast on
                                Hom. Od. xii.39</bibl>, who mention the view that the father of the
                            Sirens was Achelous, and that their mother was either the Muse
                            Terpsichore, or Sterope, daughter of Porthaon.</note> Now the Sirens
                        were Pisinoe, Aglaope, and Thelxiepia, daughters of Achelous and Melpomene,
                        one of the Muses. One of them played the lyre, another sang, and another
                        played the flute, and by these means they were fain to persuade passing
                        mariners to linger; </p></div><div n="19" subtype="section" type="textpart"><p>and from the thighs they had the forms of birds.<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">Similarly Apollonius Rhodius (<bibl>Ap.
                                Rhod., Argon. iv.898ff.</bibl>) describes the Sirens as partly
                            virgins and partly birds. Aelian tells us (<bibl>Ael., Nat. Anim.
                                xvii.23</bibl>) that poets and painters represented them as winged
                            maidens with the feet of birds. Ovid says that the Sirens had the feet
                            and feathers of birds, but the faces of virgins; and he asks why these
                            daughters of Achelous, as he calls them, had this hybrid form. Perhaps,
                            he thinks, it was because they had been playing with Persephone when
                            gloomy Dis carried her off, and they had begged the gods to grant them
                            wings, that they might search for their lost playmate over seas as well
                            as land. See <bibl n="Ov. Met. 5.552">Ov. Met. 5.552-562</bibl>. In like
                            manner Hyginus describes the Sirens as women above and fowls below, but
                            he says that their wings and feathers were a punishment inflicted on
                            them by Demeter for not rescuing Persephone from the clutches of Pluto.
                            See <bibl>Hyginus, Fab. 125, 141</bibl>. Another story was that they
                            were maidens whom Aphrodite turned into birds because they chose to
                            remain unmarried. See <bibl>Eustathius on Hom. Od. 12.47, p.
                            1709</bibl>. It is said that they once vied with the Muses in singing,
                            and that the Muses, being victorious, plucked off the Siren's feathers
                            and made crowns out of them for themselves (<bibl n="Paus. 9.34.3">Paus.
                                9.34.3</bibl>). In ancient art, as in literature, the Sirens are
                            commonly represented as women above and birds below. See <bibl>Miss J.
                                E. Harrison, <title>Myths of the Odyssey</title> (London, 1882), pp.
                                146ff.</bibl> Homer says nothing as to the semi-bird shape of the
                            Sirens, thus leaving us to infer that they were purely human.</note>
                        Sailing by them, Ulysses wished to hear their song, so by Circe's advice he
                        stopped the ears of his comrades with wax, and ordered that he should
                        himself be bound to the mast. And being persuaded by the Sirens to linger,
                        he begged to be released, but they bound him the more, and so he <pb n="293"/>sailed past. Now it was predicted of the Sirens that they should
                        themselves die when a ship should pass them; so die they did.<note anchored="true" resp="ed" place="unspecified">This is not mentioned by
                            Homer, but is affirmed by <bibl>Hyginus, Fab. 125, 141</bibl>). Others
                            said that the Sirens cast themselves into the sea and were drowned from
                            sheer vexation at the escape of Ulysses. See <bibl>Scholiast on Hom.
                                Od.xii.39</bibl>; <bibl>Eustathius on Hom. Od. 12.167, p.
                                1709</bibl>; <bibl>Tzetzes, Scholiast on Lycophron 712</bibl>;
                            compare <bibl n="Strab. 6.1.1">Strab. 6.1.1</bibl>.</note>
               </p></div></div></div></body></text></TEI>
                </passage>
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            </GetPassage>