A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology

1. 2. APOLLONIUS ANTIOCHENUS (Ἀντιοχεύς), the name of two physicians, father and son, who were born at Antioch, and belonged to the sect of the Empirici. They lived after Serapion of Alexandria and before Menodotus [SERAPION; MENODOTUS], and therefore probably in the first or second century B. C. (Gal. Introd. c. 4. vol. xiv. p. 683.) One of them is very likely the person sometimes called "Apollonius Empiricus ;" the other may perhaps be Apollonius Senior.

2. Son of the previous Apollonius.

3. APOLLONIUS ARCHISTRATOR (Ἀρχιστράτωρ) is the author of a medical prescription quoted by Andromachus (ap. Gal. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. 5.12, vol. xiii. p. 835), and must therefore have lived in or before the first century after Christ. Nothing is known of the events of his life.

4. APOLLONIUS BIBLAS (Βιβλᾶς), lived probably in the second century B. C., and wrote, after Zeno's death, a book in answer to a work which he had composed on the meaning of certain marks (χαρακτῆρες) that are found at the end of some chapters in the third book of the Epidemics of Hippocrates. (Gal. Comm. II. in Hippoer. " Epid. III." § 5, vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 618.) It seems most likely that he is not the same person as Apollonius Empiricus. His name is supposed to be connected with the word Βιβλιακός, and seems to have been given him for being (as we say) a book-worm.

5. APOLLONIUS CITIENSIS (Κιτιεύς), the oldest commentator on Hippocrates whose works are still extant. He was a native of Citium, in Cyprus (Strabo, 14.6, p. 243, ed. Tauchn.), and studied medicine at Alexandria under Zopyrus (Apollon. Cit. p. 2, ed. Dietz); he is supposed to have lived in the first century B. C.

6. APOLLONIUS, CLAUDIUS, must have lived in or before the second century after Christ, as one of his antidotes is quoted by Galen. (De Antid. 2.11, vol. xiv. p. 171.) Nothing is known of his life.

7. APOLLONIUS CYPRIUS (Κύπριος) was the pupil of Olympicus and the tutor to Julianus. He was a native of Cyprus, belonged to the sect of the Methodici, and lived probably in the first century after Christ. Nothing more is known of his history. (Gal. De Meth. Med. 1.7, vol. x. pp. 53, 54.)

8. APOLLONIUS EMPIRICUS (Ἐμπειρικός), is supposed to be one of the persons called "Apollonius Antiochenus." He lived, according to Celsus (De Med. i. praef. p. 5), after Serapion of Alexandria, and before Heracleides of Tarentumn, and therefore probably in the second century B. C. He belonged to the sect of the Empirici, and wrote a book in answer to Zeno's work on the χαρακτῆρες in Hippocrates, mentioned above. This was answered by Zeno, and it was this second work that drew from Apollonius Biblas his treatise on the subject after Zeno's death. (Gal. Comm. II. in Hipp. " Epid. III." § 5, vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 618.) He is mentioned also by Galen De Meth. Med. 2.7, vol. x. p. 142.

9. ApolloniusGlaucus must have lived in or before the second century after Christ, as his work "On Internal Diseases" is quoted by Caelius Aurelianus. (De Morb. Chron. 4.8, p. 536.) Nothing is known of his life.

10. APOLLONIUS HEROPHILEIUS (Ἡροφίλειος) is supposed to be the same person as Apollonius Mus. He wrote a pharmaceutical work entitled Περὶ Εὐπορίστων, De Facile Parabilibus (Gal. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. 6.9, vol. xii. p. 995), which is very frequently quoted by Galen, and which is probably the work referred to by Oribasius (Eupor. ad Eunap. i. prooem. p. 574), and of which some fragments are quoted in Cramer's Anecd. Graeca Paris. vol. i. p. 395, as still existing in MS. in the Royal Library at Paris. He lived before Andromachus, as that writer quotes him (ap. Gal. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. vol. xiii. pp. 76, 114, 137, 308, 326, 981), and also before Archigenes

11. APOLLONIUS HIPPOCRATICUS (Ἱπποκράτειος), is said by Galen (De Secta Opt. 100.14. vol. i. p. 144; Comment. III. in Hippocr. " De Rat. Vict. in Morb. Ac." 100.38. vol. xv. p. 703) to have been a pupil of Hippocrates II., and must therefore have lived in the fourth century B. C. He is blamed by Erasistratus (ap. Gal. l.c.) for his excessive severity in restricting the quantity of drink allowed to his patients.

12. APOLLONIUS MEMPHITES (Μεμφιτης) was born at Memphis in Egypt, and was a follower of Erasistratus. (Gal. Introd. 100.10. vol. xiv. p. 700.) He must therefore have lived about the third century B. C., and is probably the same person who is called "Apollonius Stratonicus."He wrote a work "On the Names of the Parts of the Human Body" (Gal. l.c., and Definit. prooem. vol. xix. p. 347), and is quoted by Erotianus (Gloss. Hipp. p. 86), Galen (De Antid. 2.14, vol. xiv. p. 188), Nicolaus Myrepsus (De Aur. cc. 11, 16. pp. 831, 832), and other ancient writers.

13. APOLLONIUS MUS (Μῦς), a follower of Herophilus, of whose life no particulars are known, but who must have lived in the first century B. C., as Strabo mentions him as a contemporary. (14.1, p. 182, ed. Tauchn.) He was a fellow-pupil of Heracleides of Erythrae (ibid.), and composed a long work on the opinions of the sect founded by Herophilus. (Cael. Aurel. De Morb. Acut. 2.13, p. 110; Gal. De Differ. Puls. 4.10, vol. viii. pp. 744, 746.) He also wrote on pharmacy (Cels. De Med. v. praef. p. 81; Pallad. Comm. in Hipp. "Epid. VI.," ap. Dietz, Schol. in Hipp. et Gal. vol. ii. p. 98; Gal. De Antid. 2.7, 8, vol. xiv. pp. 143, 146), and is supposed to be the same person who is sometimes called " Apollonius Herophileius."

14. APOLLONIUS OPHIS (ὁ Ὄφις) is said by Erotianus (Gloss. Hipp. p. 8) to have made a compilation from the Glossary of difficult Hippocratic words by Baccheius; he must therefore have lived about the first or second century B. C. He is supposed by some persons to be Apollonius Pergamenus, by others Apollonius Ther.

15. APOLLONIUS ORGANICUS (Ὀργανικός) is quoted by Galen (De Compos. Medical. sec. Loc. 5.15, vol. xiii. p. 856), and must therefore have lived in or before the second century after Christ. Nothing is known of his life.

16. APOLLONIUS PERGAMENUS (Περγάμηνος).

He was born at Pergamus in Mysia, but his date is very uncertain, since it can only be positively determined that, as he is quoted by Oribasius, he must have lived in or before the fourth century after Christ. (Orib. Eupor. ad Eun. 1.9, p. 578.)

17. ApolloniusPitanaeus was born at Pitanae in Aeolia, and must have lived in or before the first century after Christ, as an absurd and superstitious remedy is attributed to him by Pliny. (H. N. 29.38.)

18. APOLLONIUS SENIOR (ὁ Πρεσβύτερος) is quoted by Erotianus (Gloss. Hipp. p. 86), and must therefore have lived in or before the first century after Christ. Some persons suppose him to be one of the physicians called Apollonius Antiochenus.

19. APOLLONIUS STRATONICUS (ὁ ἀπὸ Στράτωνος) was probably not the son, but the pupil, of Strato of Beryta: he is very likely the same person as Apollonius Memphites, and may be supposed to have lived about the third century B. C. He was a follower of Erasistratus, and wrote a work on the Pulse, which is quoted by Galen. (De Differ. Puls. 4.17, vol. viii. p. 759.)

20. APOLLONIUS TARSENSIS (ὁ Ταρσεύς) was horn at Tarsus in Cilicia, and lived perhaps in the first or second century after Christ. His prescriptions are several times quoted by Galen. (De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. 5.13, vol. xiii. p. 843.)

21. APOLLONIUS THER (ὁ Θήρπ) is supposed by some persons to be the same as Apollonius Ophis, or Apollonius Pergamenus. As he is quoted by Erotianus (Gloss. Hipp. p. 86), he must have lived in or before the first century after Christ.

22. Another physician of this name, who is mentioned by Apuleius (Met. ix. init.) as having been bitten by a mad dog, must (if he ever really existed) have lived in the second century after Christ; and the name occurs in several ancient authors, belonging to one or more physicians, without any distinguishing epithet.