Metamorphoses
Ovid
Ovid. Metamorphoses. More, Brookes, translator. Boston: Cornhill Publishing Co., 1922.
- My soul is wrought to sing of forms transformed
- to bodies new and strange! Immortal Gods
- inspire my heart, for ye have changed yourselves
- and all things you have changed! Oh lead my song
- in smooth and measured strains, from olden days
- when earth began to this completed time!
- Before the ocean and the earth appeared—
- before the skies had overspread them all—
- the face of Nature in a vast expanse
- was naught but Chaos uniformly waste.
- It was a rude and undeveloped mass,
- that nothing made except a ponderous weight;
- and all discordant elements confused,
- were there congested in a shapeless heap.
- As yet the sun afforded earth no light,
- nor did the moon renew her crescent horns;
- the earth was not suspended in the air
- exactly balanced by her heavy weight.
- Not far along the margin of the shores
- had Amphitrite stretched her lengthened arms,—
- for all the land was mixed with sea and air.
- The land was soft, the sea unfit to sail,
- the atmosphere opaque, to naught was given
- a proper form, in everything was strife,
- and all was mingled in a seething mass—
- with hot the cold parts strove, and wet with dry
- and soft with hard, and weight with empty void.
- But God, or kindly Nature, ended strife—
- he cut the land from skies, the sea from land,
- the heavens ethereal from material air;
- and when were all evolved from that dark mass
- he bound the fractious parts in tranquil peace.
- The fiery element of convex heaven
- leaped from the mass devoid of dragging weight,
- and chose the summit arch to which the air
- as next in quality was next in place.
- The earth more dense attracted grosser parts
- and moved by gravity sank underneath;
- and last of all the wide surrounding waves
- in deeper channels rolled around the globe.
- And when this God —which one is yet unknown—
- had carved asunder that discordant mass,
- had thus reduced it to its elements,
- that every part should equally combine,
- when time began He rounded out the earth
- and moulded it to form a mighty globe.
- Then poured He forth the deeps and gave command
- that they should billow in the rapid winds,
- that they should compass every shore of earth.
- he also added fountains, pools and lakes,
- and bound with shelving banks the slanting streams,
- which partly are absorbed and partly join
- the boundless ocean. Thus received amid
- the wide expanse of uncontrolled waves,
- they beat the shores instead of crooked banks.
- At His command the boundless plains extend,
- the valleys are depressed, the woods are clothed
- in green, the stony mountains rise. And as
- the heavens are intersected on the right
- by two broad zones, by two that cut the left,
- and by a fifth consumed with ardent heat,
- with such a number did the careful God
- mark off the compassed weight, and thus the earth
- received as many climes.—Such heat consumes
- the middle zone that none may dwell therein;
- and two extremes are covered with deep snow;
- and two are placed betwixt the hot and cold,
- which mixed together give a temperate clime;
- and over all the atmosphere suspends
- with weight proportioned to the fiery sky,
- exactly as the weight of earth compares
- with weight of water.
- And He ordered mist
- to gather in the air and spread the clouds.
- He fixed the thunders that disturb our souls,
- and brought the lightning on destructive winds
- that also waft the cold. Nor did the great
- Artificer permit these mighty winds
- to blow unbounded in the pathless skies,
- but each discordant brother fixed in space,
- although His power can scarce restrain their rage
- to rend the universe. At His command
- to far Aurora, Eurus took his way,
- to Nabath, Persia, and that mountain range
- first gilded by the dawn; and Zephyr's flight
- was towards the evening star and peaceful shores,
- warm with the setting sun; and Boreas
- invaded Scythia and the northern snows;
- and Auster wafted to the distant south
- where clouds and rain encompass his abode.—
- and over these He fixed the liquid sky,
- devoid of weight and free from earthly dross.
- And scarcely had He separated these
- and fixed their certain bounds, when all the stars,
- which long were pressed and hidden in the mass,
- began to gleam out from the plains of heaven,
- and traversed, with the Gods, bright ether fields:
- and lest some part might be bereft of life
- the gleaming waves were filled with twinkling fish;
- the earth was covered with wild animals;
- the agitated air was filled with birds.
- But one more perfect and more sanctified,
- a being capable of lofty thought,
- intelligent to rule, was wanting still
- man was created! Did the Unknown God
- designing then a better world make man
- of seed divine? or did Prometheus
- take the new soil of earth (that still contained
- some godly element of Heaven's Life)
- and use it to create the race of man;
- first mingling it with water of new streams;
- so that his new creation, upright man,
- was made in image of commanding Gods?
- On earth the brute creation bends its gaze,
- but man was given a lofty countenance
- and was commanded to behold the skies;
- and with an upright face may view the stars:—
- and so it was that shapeless clay put on
- the form of man till then unknown to earth.