Aeneid
Virgil
Vergil. The Aeneid of Virgil. Williams, Theodore, C, translator. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.
- At Jove's command Mezentius, breathing rage,
- now takes the field and leads a strong assault
- against victorious Troy. The Tuscan ranks
- meet round him, and press hard on him alone,
- on him alone with vengeance multiplied
- their host of swords they draw. As some tall cliff,
- projecting to the sea, receives the rage
- of winds and waters, and untrembling bears
- vast, frowning enmity of seas and skies,—
- so he. First Dolichaon's son he slew,
- Hebrus; then Latagus and Palmus, though
- they fled amain; he smote with mighty stone
- torn from the mountain, full upon the face
- of Latagus; and Palmus he let lie
- hamstrung and rolling helpless; he bestowed
- the arms on his son Lausus for a prize,
- another proud crest in his helm to wear;
- he laid the Phrygian Euanthus Iow;
- and Mimas, Paris' comrade, just his age,—
- born of Theano's womb to Amycus
- his sire, that night when royal Hecuba,
- teeming with firebrand, gave Paris birth:
- one in the city of his fathers sleeps;
- and one, inglorious, on Laurentian strand.
- As when a wild boar, harried from the hills
- by teeth of dogs (one who for many a year
- was safe in pine-clad Vesulus, or roamed
- the meres of Tiber, feeding in the reeds)
- falls in the toils at last, and stands at bay,
- raging and bristling, and no hunter dares
- defy him or come near, but darts are hurled
- from far away, with cries unperilous:
- not otherwise, though righteous is their wrath
- against Mezentius, not a man so bold
- as face him with drawn sword, but at long range
- they throw their shafts and with loud cries assail;
- he, all unterrified, makes frequent stand,
- gnashing his teeth, and shaking off their spears.
- From ancient Corythus had Acron come,
- a Greek, who left half-sung his wedding-song,
- and was an exile; him Mezentius saw
- among long lines of foes, with flaunting plumes
- and purple garments from his plighted spouse.
- Then as a starving lion when he prowls
- about high pasture-lands, urged on his way
- by maddening hunger (if perchance he see
- a flying she-goat or tall-antlered stag)
- lifts up his shaggy mane, and gaping wide
- his monstrous jaws, springs at the creature's side,
- feeding foul-lipped, insatiable of gore:
- so through his gathered foes Mezentius
- flew at his prey. He stretched along the ground
- ill-fated Acron, who breathed life away,
- beating the dark dust with his heels, and bathed
- his broken weapons in his blood. Nor deigned
- Mezentius to strike Orodes down
- as he took flight, nor deal a wound unseen
- with far-thrown spear; but ran before his face,
- fronting him man to man, nor would he win
- by sleight or trick, but by a mightier sword.
- Soon on the fallen foe he set his heel,
- and, pushing hard, with heel and spear, cried out:
- “Look ye, my men, where huge Orodes lies,
- himself a dangerous portion of this war!”
- With loyal, Ioud acclaim his peers reply;
- but thus the dying hero: “Victor mine,
- whoe'er thou art, I fall not unavenged!
- Thou shalt but triumph for a fleeting hour.
- Like doom for thee is written. Speedily
- thou shalt this dust inhabit, even as I!”
- Mezentius answered him with wrathful smile:
- “Now die! What comes on me concerns alone
- the Sire of gods and Sovereign of mankind.”
- So saying, from the wounded breast he plucked
- his javelin: and on those eyes there fell
- inexorable rest and iron slumber,
- and in unending night their vision closed.
- Then Caedicus cut down Alcathous,
- Sacrator slew Hydaspes, Rapo smote
- Parthenius and Orses stout and strong;
- Messapus, good blade cut down Clonius
- and Ericetes, fierce Lycaon's child;
- the one from an unbridled war-horse thrown,
- the other slain dismounted. Then rode forth
- Agis the Lycian, but bold Valerus,
- true to his valiant breeding, hurled him down;
- having slain Thronius, Salius was slain
- by skilled Nealces, of illustrious name
- for spear well cast and far-surprising bow.
- Thus Mars relentless holds in equal scale
- slaughters reciprocal and mutual woe;
- the victors and the vanquished kill or fall
- in equal measure; neither knows the way
- to yield or fly. Th' Olympians Iook down
- out of Jove's house, and pity as they see
- the unavailing wrath of either foe,
- and burdens measureless on mortals laid.
- Lo! Venus here, Saturnian Juno yon,
- in anxious watch; while pale Tisiphone
- moves on infuriate through the battling lines.
- On strode Mezentius o'er the gory plain,
- and swollen with rage waved wide-his awful spear.
- Like tall Orion when on foot he goes
- trough the deep sea and lifts his shoulders high
- above the waves; or when he takes his path
- along the mountain-tops, and has for staff
- an aged ash-tree, as he fixes firm
- his feet in earth and hides his brows in cloud;—
- so Ioomed Mezentius with his ponderous arms.
- To match him now, Aeneas, Iooking down
- the long array of war, came forth in arms
- to challenge and defy. But quailing not,
- a mass immovable, the other stood
- waiting his noble foe, and with a glance
- measured to cast his spear the space between.
- “May this right hand“, he said, “and this swift spear
- which here I poise, be favoring gods for me!
- The spoils from yonder robber's carcase stripped
- I vow to hang on thee, my Lausus, thou
- shalt stand for trophy of Aeneas slain.”
- He said, and hurled from far the roaring spear,
- which from the shield glanced off, and speeding still
- smote famed Antores 'twixt the loin and side—
- antores, friend of Hercules, who came
- from Argos, and had joined Evander's cause,
- abiding in Italia. Lo, a wound
- meant for another pierced him, and he lay,
- ill-fated! Iooking upward to the light,
- and dreaming of dear Argos as he died.
- Then good Aeneas hurled his spear; it passed
- through hollow orb of triple bronze, and through
- layers of flax and triple-twisted hides;
- then in the lower groin it lodged, but left
- its work undone. Aeneas, not ill-pleased
- to see the Tuscan wounded, swiftly drew
- the falchion from his thigh, and hotly pressed
- his startled foe. But Lausus at the sight
- groaned loud, so much he loved his father dear,
- and tears his cheek bedewed. O storied youth!
- If olden worth may win believing ear,
- let not my song now fail of thee to sing,
- thy noble deeds, thy doom of death and pain!
- Mezentius, now encumbered and undone,
- fell backward, trailing from the broken shield
- his foeman's spear. His son leaped wildly forth
- to join the fray; and where Aeneas' hand
- lifted to strike, he faced the thrusting sword
- and gave the hero pause. His comrades raised
- applauding cries, as shielded by his son
- the father made retreat; their darts they hurl,
- and vex with flying spears the distant foe:
- Aeneas, wrathful, stands beneath his shield.
- As when the storm-clouds break in pelting hail,
- the swains and ploughmen from the furrows fly,
- and every traveller cowers in sure defence
- of river-bank or lofty shelving crag,
- while far and wide it pours; and by and by,
- each, when the sun returns, his task pursues:
- so great Aeneas, by assault o'erwhelmed,
- endured the cloud of battle, till its rage
- thundered no more; then with a warning word
- to Lausus with upbraiding voice he called:
- “Why, O death-doomed, rush on to deeds too high
- for strength like thine. Thou art betrayed, rash boy,
- by thine own loyal heart!” But none the less
- the youth made mad defence; while fiercer burned
- the Trojan's anger; and of Lausus' days
- the loom of Fate spun forth the last thin thread;
- for now Aeneas thrust his potent blade
- deep through the stripling's breast and out of sight;
- through the light shield it passed—a frail defence
- to threaten with!—and through the tunic fine
- his mother's hand had wrought with softest gold:
- blood filled his bosom, and on path of air
- down to the shades the mournful soul withdrew,
- its body quitting. As Anchises' son
- beheld the agonizing lips and brow
- so wondrous white in death, he groaned aloud
- in pity, and reached o'er him his right hand,
- touched to the heart such likeness to behold
- of his own filial love. “Unhappy boy!
- What reward worthy of heroic deeds
- can I award thee now? Wear still those arms
- so proudly worn! And I will send thee home
- (Perhaps thou carest!) to the kindred shades
- and ashes of thy sires. But let it be
- some solace in thy pitiable doom
- that none but great Aeneas wrought thy fall.”
- Then to the stripling's tardy followers
- he sternly called, and lifted from the earth
- with his own hand the fallen foe: dark blood
- defiled those princely tresses braided fair.
- Meanwhile Mezentius by the Tiber's wave
- with water staunched his wound, and propped his weight
- against a tree; upon its limbs above
- his brazen helmet hung, and on the sward
- his ponderous arms lay resting. Round him watched
- his chosen braves. He, gasping and in pain,
- clutched at his neck and let his flowing beard
- loose on his bosom fall; he questions oft
- of Lausus, and sends many a messenger
- to bid him back, and bear him the command
- of his sore-grieving sire. But lo! his peers
- bore the dead Lausus back upon his shield,
- and wept to see so strong a hero quelled
- by stroke so strong. From long way off the sire,
- with soul prophetic of its woe, perceived
- what meant their wail and cry. On his gray hairs
- the dust he flung, and, stretching both his hands
- to heaven, he cast himself the corpse along.
- “O son,” he cried, “was life to me so sweet,
- that I to save myself surrendered o'er
- my own begotten to a foeman's steel?
- Saved by these gashes shall thy father be,
- and living by thy death? O wretched me,
- how foul an end have I! Now is my wound
- deep! deep! 't was I, dear son, have stained
- thy name with infamy—to exile driven
- from sceptre and hereditary throne
- by general curse. Would that myself had borne
- my country's vengeance and my nation's hate!
- Would my own guilty life my debt had paid—
- yea, by a thousand deaths! But, see, I live!
- Not yet from human kind and light of day
- have I departed. But depart I will.”
- So saying, he raised him on his crippled thigh,
- and though by reason of the grievous wound
- his forces ebbed, yet with unshaken mien
- he bade them lead his war-horse forth, his pride,
- his solace, which from every war
- victorious bore him home. The master then
- to the brave beast, which seemed to know his pain,
- spoke thus: “My Rhoebus, we have passed our days
- long time together, if long time there be
- for mortal creatures. Either on this day
- thou shalt his bloody spoils in triumph bear
- and that Aeneas' head,—and so shalt be
- avenger of my Lausus' woe; or else,
- if I be vanquished, thou shalt sink and fall
- beside me. For, my bravest, thou wouldst spurn
- a stranger's will, and Teucrian lords to bear.”
- He spoke and, mounting to his back, disposed
- his limbs the wonted way and filled both hands
- with pointed javelins; a helm of brass
- with shaggy horse-hair crest gleamed o'er his brow.
- Swift to the front he rode: a mingled flood
- surged in his heart of sorrow, wrath, and shame;
- and thrice with loud voice on his foe he called.
- Aeneas heard and made exulting vow:
- “Now may the Father of the gods on high,
- and great Apollo hear! Begin the fray!”
- He said, and moved forth with a threatening spear.
- The other cried: “Hast robbed me of my son,
- and now, implacable, wouldst fright me more?
- That way, that only, was it in thy power
- to cast me down. No fear of death I feel.
- Nor from thy gods themselves would I refrain.
- Give o'er! For fated and resolved to die
- I come thy way: but; bring thee as I pass
- these offerings.” With this he whirled a spear
- against his foe, and after it drove deep
- another and another, riding swift
- in wide gyration round him. But the shield,
- the golden boss, broke not. Three times he rode
- in leftward circles, hurling spear on spear
- against th' unmoved Aeneas: and three times
- the Trojan hero in his brazen shield
- the sheaf of spears upbore. But such slow fight,
- such plucking of spent shafts from out his shield,
- the Trojan liked not, vexed and sorely tried
- in duel so ill-matched. With wrathful soul
- at length he strode forth, and between the brows
- of the wild war-horse planted his Iong spear.
- Up reared the creature, beating at the air
- with quivering feet, then o'er his fallen lord
- entangling dropped, and prone above him lay,
- pinning with ponderous shoulder to the ground.
- The Trojans and the Latins rouse the skies
- with clamor Ioud. Aeneas hastening forth
- unsheathes his sword, and looming o'er him cries:
- “Where now is fierce Mezentius, and his soul's
- wild pulse of rage?” The Tuscan in reply
- with eyes uprolled, and gasping as he gave
- long looks at heaven, recalled his fading mind:
- “Why frown at me and fume, O bitterest foe?
- Why threaten death? To slay me is no sin.
- Not to take quarter came I to this war,
- not truce with thee did my lost Lausus crave,
- yet this one boon I pray,—if mercy be
- for fallen foes: O, suffer me when dead
- in covering earth to hide! Full well I know
- what curses of my people ring me round.
- Defend me from that rage! I pray to be
- my son's companion in our common tomb.”
- He spoke: then offered with unshrinking eye
- his veined throat to the sword. O'er the bright mail
- his vital breath gushed forth in streaming gore.
- Up from the sea now soared the dawning day:
- Aeneas, though his sorrow bids him haste
- to burial of the slain, and his sad soul
- is clouded with the sight of death, fulfils,
- for reward to his gods, a conqueror's vow,
- at morning's earliest beam. A mighty oak
- shorn of its limbs he sets upon a hill
- and clothes it o'er with glittering arms, the spoil
- of King Mezentius, and a trophy proud
- to thee, great lord of war. The hero's plumes
- bedewed with blood are there, and splintered spears;
- there hangs the corselet, by the thrusting steel
- twelve times gored through; upon the left he binds
- the brazen shield, and from the neck suspends
- the ivory-hilted sword. Aeneas thus,
- as crowding close his train of captains throng,
- addressed his followers: “Ye warriors mine,
- our largest work is done. Bid fear begone
- of what is left to do. Behold the spoils!
- Yon haughty King was firstfruits of our war.
- See this Mezentius my hands have made!
- Now to the Latin town and King we go.
- Arm you in soul! With heart of perfect hope
- prepare the war! So when the gods give sign
- to open battle and lead forth our brave
- out of this stronghold, no bewilderment,
- nor tarrying, nor fearful, faltering mind
- shall slack our march. Meanwhile in earth we lay
- our comrades fallen; for no honor else
- in Acheron have they. Go forth,” said he,
- “bring gifts of honor and of last farewell
- to those high hearts by shedding of whose blood
- our country lives. To sad Evander's town
- bear Pallas first; who, though he did not fail
- of virtue's crown, was seized by doom unblest,
- and to the bitterness of death consigned.”
- Weeping he spoke, and slowly backward drew
- to the tent-door, where by the breathless clay
- of Pallas stood Acoetes, aged man,
- once bearer of Evander's arms, but now
- under less happy omens set to guard
- his darling child. Around him is a throng
- of slaves, with all the Trojan multitude,
- and Ilian women, who the wonted way
- let sorrow's tresses loosely flow. When now
- Aeneas to the lofty doors drew near,
- all these from smitten bosoms raised to heaven
- a mighty moaning, till the King's abode
- was loud with anguish. There Aeneas viewed
- the pillowed head of Pallas cold and pale,
- the smooth young breast that bore the gaping wound
- of that Ausonian spear, and weeping said:
- “Did Fortune's envy, smiling though she came,
- refuse me, hapless boy, that thou shouldst see
- my throne established, and victorious ride
- beside me to thy father's house? Not this
- my parting promise to thy King and sire,
- Evander, when with friendly, fond embrace
- to win imperial power he bade me go;
- yet warned me anxiously I must resist
- bold warriors and a stubborn breed of foes.
- And haply even now he cheats his heart
- with expectation vain, and offers vows,
- heaping with gifts the altars of his gods.
- But we with unavailing honors bring
- this lifeless youth, who owes the gods of heaven
- no more of gift and vow. O ill-starred King!
- Soon shalt thou see thy son's unpitying doom!
- What a home-coming! This is glory's day
- so Iong awaited; this the solemn pledge
- I proudly gave. But fond Evander's eyes
- will find no shameful wounding on the slain,
- nor for a son in coward safety kept
- wilt thou, the sire, crave death. But woe is me!
- How strong a bulwark in Ausonia falls!
- What loss is thine, Iulus!” Thus lamenting,
- he bids them lift the body to the bier,
- and sends a thousand heroes from his host
- to render the last tributes, and to share
- father's tears:—poor solace and too small
- for grief so great, but due that mournful sire.
- Some busy them to build of osiers fine
- the simple litter, twining sapling oaks
- with evergreen, till o'er death's Iofty bed
- the branching shade extends. Upon it lay,
- as if on shepherd's couch, the youthful dead,
- like fairest flower by virgin fingers culled,
- frail violet or hyacinth forlorn,
- of color still undimmed and leaf unmarred;
- but from the breast of mother-earth no more
- its life doth feed. Then good Aeneas brought
- two broidered robes of scarlet and fine gold,
- which with the gladsome labor of her hands
- Sidonian Dido wrought him long ago,
- the thin-spun gold inweaving. One of these
- the sad prince o'er the youthful body threw
- for parting gift; and with the other veiled
- those tresses from the fire; he heaped on high
- Laurentum's spoils of war, and bade to bring
- much tribute forth: horses and arms he gave,
- seized from the fallen enemy; with hands
- fettered behind them filed a captive train
- doomed to appease the shades, and with the flames
- to mix their flowing blood. He bade his chiefs
- set up the trunks of trees and clothe them well
- with captured arms, inscribing on each one
- some foeman's name. Then came Acoetes forth,
- a wretched, worn old man, who beat his breast
- with tight-clenched hands, and tore his wrinkled face
- with ruthless fingers; oft he cast him down
- full length along the ground. Then lead they forth
- the blood-stained Rutule chariots of war;
- Aethon, the war-horse, of his harness bare,
- walks mournful by; big teardrops wet his cheek.
- Some bear the lance and helm; for all the rest
- victorious Turnus seized. Then filed along
- a mournful Teucrian cohort; next the host
- Etrurian and the men of Arcady
- with trailing arms reversed. Aeneas now,
- when the long company had passed him by,
- spoke thus and groaned aloud: “Ourselves from hence
- are summoned by the same dread doom of war
- to other tears. Farewell forevermore!
- Heroic Pallas! be forever blest!
- I bid thee hail, farewell!” In silence then
- back to the stronghold's Iofty walls he moved.
- Now envoys from the Latin citadel
- came olive-crowned, to plead for clemency:
- would he not yield those bodies of the dead
- sword-scattered o'er the plain, and let them lie
- beneath an earth-built tomb? Who wages war
- upon the vanquished, the unbreathing slain?
- To people once his hosts and kindred called,
- would he not mercy show? To such a prayer,
- deemed not unworthy, good Aeneas gave
- the boon, and this benignant answer made:
- “Ye Latins, what misfortune undeserved
- has snared you in so vast a war, that now
- you shun our friendship? Have you here implored
- peace for your dead, by chance of battle fallen?
- Pain would I grant it for the living too.
- I sailed not hither save by Heaven's decree,
- which called me to this land. I wage no war
- with you, the people; 't was your King refused
- our proffered bond of peace, and gave his cause
- to Turnus' arms. More meet and just it were
- had Turnus met this death that makes you mourn.
- If he would end our quarrel sword in hand,
- thrusting us Teucrians forth, 't was honor's way
- to cross his blade with mine; that man to whom
- the gods, or his own valor, had decreed
- the longer life, had lived. But now depart!
- Beneath your lost friends light the funeral fires!”
- So spoke Aeneas; and with wonder mute
- all stood at gaze, each turning to behold
- his neighbor's face. Then Drances, full of years,
- and ever armed with spite and slanderous word
- against young Turnus, made this answering plea:
- “O prince of mighty name, whose feats of arms
- are even mightier! Trojan hero, how
- shall my poor praise exalt thee to the skies?
- Is it thy rectitude or strenuous war
- most bids me wonder? We will bear thy word
- right gladly to the city of our sires;
- and there, if Fortune favor it, contrive
- a compact with the Latin King. Henceforth
- let Turnus find his own allies! Ourselves
- will much rejoice to see thy destined walls,
- and our own shoulders will be proud to bear
- the stone for building Troy.” Such speech he made,
- and all the common voice consented loud.
- So twelve days' truce they swore, and safe from harm
- Latins and Teucrians unmolested roved
- together o'er the wooded hills. Now rang
- loud steel on ash-tree bole; enormous pines,
- once thrusting starward, to the earth they threw;
- and with industrious wedge asunder clove
- stout oak and odorous cedar, piling high
- harvest of ash-trees on the creaking wain.
- Now Rumor, herald of prodigious woe,
- to King Evander hied, Evander's house
- and city filling, where, but late, her word
- had told in Latium Pallas' victory.
- th' Arcadians thronging to the city-gates
- bear funeral torches, the accustomed way;
- in lines of flame the long street flashes far,
- lighting the fields beyond. To meet them moves
- a Phrygian company, to join with theirs
- its lamentation loud. The Latin wives,
- soon as they saw them entering, aroused
- the whole sad city with shrill songs of woe.
- No hand could stay Evander. Forth he flew
- into the midmost tumult, and fell prone
- on his dead Pallas, on the resting bier;
- he clung to the pale corse with tears, with groans,
- till anguish for a space his lips unsealed:
- “Not this thy promise, Pallas, to thy sire,
- to walk not rashly in the war-god's way.
- I knew too well how honor's morning-star,
- and sweet, foretasted glory tempt and woo
- in a first battle. O first-fruit forlorn
- of youth so fair! O prelude pitiless
- of war approaching! O my vows and prayers,
- which not one god would hear! My blessed wife,
- how happy was the death that spared thee not
- to taste this bitterness! But I, the while,
- by living longer lived to meet my doom,—
- a father sole-surviving. Would I myself
- had perished by the Rutule's cruel spear,
- the Trojan's cause espousing! This breath of life
- how gladly had I given! And O, that now
- yon black solemnity were bearing home
- myself, not Pallas, dead! Yet blame I not,
- O Teucrians, the hallowed pact we made,
- nor hospitable bond and clasp of hands.
- This doom ye bring me was writ long ago,
- for my old age. And though my child is fallen
- untimely, I take comfort that he fell
- where thousands of the Volscians slaughtered lie,
- and into Latium led the Teucrian arms.
- What brighter glory could I crave in death
- for thee, my Pallas, than Aeneas brings,
- and Phrygian princes, and Etrurian lords
- with all Etruria's legions? Lo, they bear
- yon glittering spoils of victims of thy sword!
- Thou, Turnus, too, wert now an effigy
- in giant armor clad, if but his years
- and strength full ripe had been fair match for thine!
- But now my woes detain the Trojan host
- from battle. I beseech ye haste away,
- and bear this faithful message to your King:
- since I but linger out a life I loathe,
- without my Pallas, nothing but thy sword
- can bid me live. Then let thy sword repay
- its debt to sire and son by Turnus slain!
- Such deed alone may with thy honor fit,
- and happier fortunes. But my life to me
- has no joy left to pray for, save to bring
- my son that solace in the shadowy land.”
- Meanwhile o'er sorrowing mortals the bright morn
- had lifted her mild beam, renewing so
- the burden of man's toil. Aeneas now
- built funeral pyres along the winding shore,
- King Tarchon at his side. Each thither brought
- the bodies of his kin, observing well
- all ancient ritual. The fuming fires
- burned from beneath, till highest heaven was hid
- in blackest, overmantling cloud. Three times
- the warriors, sheathed in proud, resplendent steel,
- paced round the kindling pyres; and three times
- fair companies of horsemen circled slow,
- with loud lamenting, round the doleful flame.
- The wail of warriors and the trumpets' blare
- the very welkin rend. Cast on the flames
- are spoils of slaughtered Latins,—helms and blades,
- bridles and chariot-wheels. Yet others bring
- gifts to the dead familiar, their own shields
- and unavailing spears. Around them slain
- great herds of kine give tribute unto death:
- swine, bristly-backed, from many a field are borne,
- and slaughtered sheep bleed o'er the sacred fire.
- So on the shore the wailing multitude
- behold their comrades burning, and keep guard
- o'er the consuming pyres, nor turn away
- till cooling night re-shifts the globe of heaven,
- thick-strewn with numberless far-flaming stars.
- Likewise the mournful Latins far away
- have built their myriad pyres. Yet of the slain
- not few in graves are laid, and borne with tears
- to neighboring country-side or native town;
- the rest—promiscuous mass of dead unknown—
- to nameless and unhonored ashes burn;
- with multitude of fires the far-spread fields
- blaze forth unweariedly. But when from heaven
- the third morn had dispelled the dark and cold,
- the mournful bands raked forth the mingled bones
- and plenteous ashes from the smouldering pyres,
- then heaped with earth the one sepulchral mound.
- Now from the hearth-stones of the opulent town
- of old Latinus a vast wail burst forth,
- for there was found the chief and bitterest share
- of all the woe. For mothers in their tears,
- lone brides, and stricken souls of sisters fond,
- and boys left fatherless, fling curses Ioud
- on Turnus' troth-plight and the direful war:
- “Let him, let Turnus, with his single sword
- decide the strife,”—they cry,—“and who shall claim
- Lordship of Italy and power supreme.”
- Fierce Drances whets their fury, urging all
- that Turnus singly must the challenge hear,
- and singly wage the war; but others plead
- in Turnus' favor; the Queen's noble name
- protects him, and his high renown in arms
- defends his cause with well-won trophies fair.
- Amid these tumults of the wrathful throng,
- lo, the ambassadors to Diomed
- arrive with cloudy forehead from their quest
- in his illustrious town; for naught availed
- their toilsome errand, nor the gifts and gold,
- nor strong entreaty. Other help in war
- the Latins now must find, or humbly sue
- peace from the Trojan. At such tidings dire
- even Latinus trembles: Heaven's decrees
- and influence of gods too visible
- sustain Aeneas; so the wrath divine
- and new-filled sepulchres conspicuous
- give warning clear. Therefore the King convenes
- a general council of his captains brave
- beneath the royal towers. They, gathering,
- throng the approaches thither, where their Iord,
- gray-haired Latinus, takes the central throne,
- wearing authority with mournful brow.
- He bids the envoys from Aetolia's King
- sent back, to speak and tell the royal words
- in order due. Forthwith on every tongue
- fell silence, while the princely Venulus,
- heeding his Iord's behest, began the parle:
- “My countrymen,” he said, “our eyes have seen
- strongholds of Greeks and Diomed the King.
- We braved all perils to our journey's end
- and clasped that hand whereof the dreadful stroke
- wrought Ilium's fall. The hero built a town,
- Argyripa, hereditary name,
- near mount Garganus in Apulian land:
- passing that city's portal and the King's,
- we found free audience, held forth thy gifts,
- and told our names and fatherland. We showed
- what condict was enkindled, and what cause
- brought us to Arpi's King. He, hearing all,
- with brow benign made answer to our plea:
- ‘O happy tribes in Saturn's kingdom born,
- Ausonia's ancient stem! What fortune blind
- tempts ye from peace away, and now ensnares
- in wars unknown? Look how we men that dared
- lay Ilium waste (I speak not of what woes
- in battling neath her lofty walls we bore,
- nor of dead warriors sunk in Simois' wave)
- have paid the penalty in many a land
- with chastisement accurst and changeful woe,
- till Priam's self might pity. Let the star
- of Pallas tell its tale of fatal storm,
- off grim Caphereus and Eubcea's crags.
- Driven asunder from one field of war,
- Atrides unto farthest Egypt strayed,
- and wise Ulysses saw from Aetna's caves
- the Cyclops gathering. Why name the throne
- of Pyrrhus, or the violated hearth
- whence fled Idomeneus? Or Locri cast
- on Libya's distant shore? For even he,
- Lord of Mycenae by the Greeks obeyed,
- fell murdered on his threshold by the hand
- of that polluted wife, whose paramour
- trapped Asia's conqueror. The envious gods
- withheld me also from returning home
- to see once more the hearth-stone of my sires,
- the wife I yearn for, and my Calydon,
- the beauteous land. For wonders horrible
- pursue me still. My vanished followers
- through upper air take wing, or haunt and rove
- in forms of birds the island waters o'er:
- ah me, what misery my people feel!
- The tall rocks ring with their lament and cry.
- Naught else had I to hope for from that day
- when my infatuate sword on gods I drew,
- and outraged with abominable wound
- the hand of Venus. Urge me not, I pray,
- to conflicts in this wise. No more for me
- of war with Trojans after Ilium's fall!
- I take no joy in evils past, nor wish
- such memory to renew. Go, lay these gifts,
- brought to my honor from your ancient land,
- at great Aeneas' feet. We twain have stood
- confronting close with swords implacable
- in mortal fray. Believe me, I have known
- the stature of him when he lifts his shield,
- and swings the whirlwind of his spear. If Troy
- two more such sons had bred, the Dardan horde
- had stormed at Argos' gates, and Greece to-day
- were for her fallen fortunes grieving sore.
- Our lingering at Ilium's stubborn wall,
- our sluggard conquest halting ten years Iong,
- was his and Hector's work. Heroic pair!
- Each one for valor notable, and each
- famous in enterprise of arms,—but he
- was first in piety. Enclasp with his
- your hands in plighted peace as best ye may:
- but shock of steel on steel ye well may shun.’
- now hast thou heard, good King, a king's reply,
- and how his wisdom sits in this vast war.”
- Soon as the envoys ceased, an answering sound
- of troubled voices through the council flowed
- of various note, as when its rocky bed
- impedes an arrowy stream, and murmurs break
- from the strait-channelled flood; the fringing shores
- repeat the tumult of the clamorous wave.
- But when their hearts and troublous tongues were still,
- the King, invoking first the gods in heaven,
- thus from a Iofty throne his sentence gave:
- “Less evil were our case, if long ago
- ye had provided for your country's weal,
- O Latins, as I urged. It is no time
- to hold dispute, while, compassing our walls,
- the foeman waits. Ill-omened war is ours
- against a race of gods, my countrymen,
- invincible, unwearied in the fray,
- and who, though lost and fallen, clutch the sword.
- If hope ye cherished of Aetolia's power,
- dismiss it! For what hope ye have is found
- in your own bosoms only. But ye know
- how slight it is and small. What ruin wide
- has fallen, is now palpable and clear.
- No blame I cast. What valor's uttermost
- may do was done; our kingdom in this war
- strained its last thews. Now therefore I will tell
- such project as my doubtful mind may frame,
- and briefly, if ye give good heed, unfold:
- an ancient tract have I, close-bordering
- the river Tiber; it runs westward far
- beyond Sicania's bound, and filth it bears
- to Rutule and Auruncan husbandmen,
- who furrow its hard hills or feed their flocks
- along the stonier slopes. Let this demesne,
- together with its pine-clad mountain tall,
- be given the Teucrian for our pledge of peace,
- confirmed by free and equitable league,
- and full alliance with our kingly power.
- Let them abide there, if it please them so,
- and build their city's wall. But if their hearts
- for other land or people yearn, and fate
- permits them hence to go, then let us build
- twice ten good galleys of Italian oak,
- or more, if they can man them. All the wood
- lies yonder on the shore. Let them but say
- how numerous and large the ships they crave,
- and we will give the brass, the artisans,
- and ship-supplies. Let us for envoys choose
- a hundred of the Latins noblest born
- to tell our message and arrange the peace,
- bearing mild olive-boughs and weighty gifts
- of ivory and gold, with chair of state
- and purple robe, our emblems as a king.
- But freely let this council speak; give aid
- to our exhausted cause.” Then Drances rose,
- that foe inveterate, whom Turnus' fame
- to stinging hate and envy double-tongued
- ever pricked on. Of liberal wealth was he
- and flowing speech, but slack of hand in war
- at council board accounted no weak voice,
- in quarrels stronger still; of lofty birth
- in the maternal line, but by his sire's
- uncertain and obscure. He, claiming place,
- thus multiplies with words the people's ire:
- “A course most clear, nor needing voice of mine,
- thy council is, good King; for all men see
- the way of public weal, but smother close
- the telling of it. Turnus must concede
- freedom to speak, and his own arrogance
- diminish! Under his ill-boding star
- and fatal conduct—yea, I speak it plain,
- though with his naked steel my death he swear—
- yon host of princes fell, and we behold
- the whole land bowed with grief; while he assails
- the Trojan camp (beating such bold retreats!)
- and troubles Heaven with war. One gift the more,
- among the many to the Trojans given,
- one chiefly, best of kings, thy choice should be.
- Let not wild violence thy will restrain
- from granting, sire, thy virgin daughter's hand
- to son-in-law illustrious, in a match
- worthy of both,—and thus the lasting bond
- of peace establish. But if verily
- our hearts and souls be weak with craven fear,
- let us on Turnus call, and grace implore
- even of him. Let him no more oppose;
- but to his country and his King concede
- their natural right. Why wilt thou o'er and o'er
- fling thy poor countrymen in danger's way,
- O chief and fountain of all Latium's pain?
- War will not save us. Not a voice but sues
- for peace, O Turnus! and, not less than peace,
- its one inviolable pledge. Behold,
- I lead in this petition! even I
- whom thou dost feign thy foe—(I waste no words
- denying)—look! I supplicate of thee,
- take pity on thy kindred; drop thy pride,
- and get thee home defeated. We have seen
- slaughter enough, enough of funeral flames,
- and many a wide field waste and desolate.
- If glory move thee, if thy martial breast
- so swell with strength, and if a royal dower
- be thy dear dream, go, pluck thy courage up,
- and front thy own brave bosom to the foe.
- for, lo, that Turnus on his wedding day
- may win a princess, our cheap, common lives—
- we the mere mob, unwept, unsepulchred—
- must be spilled forth in battle! Thou, I say,
- if there be mettle in thee and some drops
- of thy undaunted sires, Iook yonder where
- the Trojan chieftain waits thee in the field.”
- By such discourse he stirred the burning blood
- of Turnus, who groaned loud and from his heart
- this utterance hurled: “O Drances, thou art rich
- in large words, when the day of battle calls
- for actions. If our senators convene
- thou comest early. But the council hall
- is not for swollen talk, such as thy tongue
- in safety tosses forth; so long as walls
- hold back thy foes, and ere the trenches flow
- with blood of brave men slain. O, rattle on
- in fluent thunder—thy habitual style!
- Brand me a coward, Drances, when thy sword
- has heaped up Trojan slain, and on the field
- thy shining trophies rise. Now may we twain
- our martial prowess prove. Our foe, forsooth,
- is not so far to seek; around yon wall
- he lies in siege: to front him let us fly!
- Why art thou tarrying? Wilt thou linger here,
- a soldier only in thy windy tongue,
- and thy swift, coward heels? Defeated, I?
- Foul wretch, what tongue that honors truth can tell
- of my defeat, while Tiber overflows
- with Trojan blood? while King Evander's house
- in ruin dies, and his Arcadians lie
- stripped naked on the field? O, not like thee
- did Bitias or the giant Pandarus
- misprize my honor; nor those men of Troy
- whom this good sword to death and dark sent down,
- a thousand in a day,—though I was penned
- a prisoner in the ramparts of my foe.
- War will not save us? Fling that prophecy
- on the doomed Dardan's head, or on thy own,
- thou madman! Aye, with thy vile, craven soul
- disturb the general cause. Extol the power
- of a twice-vanquished people, and decry
- Latinus' rival arms. From this time forth
- let all the Myrmidonian princes cower
- before the might of Troy; let Diomed
- and let Achilles tremble; let the stream
- of Aufidus in panic backward flow
- from Hadria's wave. But hear me when I say
- that though his guilt and cunning feign to feel
- fear of my vengeance, much embittering so
- his taunts and insult—such a life as his
- my sword disdains. O Drances, be at ease!
- In thy vile bosom let thy breath abide!
- But now of thy grave counsel and thy cause,
- O royal sire, I speak. If from this hour
- thou castest hope of armed success away,
- if we be so unfriended that one rout
- o'erwhelms us utterly, if Fortune's feet
- never turn backward, let us, then, for peace
- offer petition, lifting to the foe
- our feeble, suppliant hands. Yet would I pray
- some spark of manhood such as once we knew
- were ours once more! I count him fortunate,
- and of illustrious soul beyond us all,
- who, rather than behold such things, has fallen
- face forward, dead, his teeth upon the dust.
- But if we still have power, and men-at-arms
- unwasted and unscathed, if there survive
- Italian tribes and towns for help in war,
- aye! if the Trojans have but won success
- at bloody cost,—for they dig graves, I ween,
- storm-smitten not less than we,—O, wherefore now
- stand faint and shameful on the battle's edge?
- Why quake our knees before the trumpet call?
- Time and the toil of shifting, changeful days
- restore lost causes; ebbing tides of chance
- deceive us oft, which after at their flood
- do lift us safe to shore. If aid come not
- from Diomed in Arpi, our allies
- shall be Mezentius and Tolumnius,
- auspicious name, and many a chieftain sent
- from many a tribe; not all inglorious
- are Latium's warriors from Laurentian land!
- Hither the noble Volscian stem sends down
- Camilla with her beauteous cavalry
- in glittering brass arrayed. But if, forsooth,
- the Trojans call me singly to the fight,
- if this be what ye will, and I so much
- the public weal impair—when from this sword
- has victory seemed to fly away in scorn?
- I should not hopeless tread in honor's way
- whate'er the venture. Dauntless will I go
- though equal match for great Achilles, he,
- and though he clothe him in celestial arms
- in Vulcan's smithy wrought. I, Turnus, now,
- not less than equal with great warriors gone,
- vow to Latinus, father of my bride,
- and to ye all, each drop of blood I owe.
- Me singly doth Aeneas call? I crave
- that challenge. Drances is not called to pay
- the debt of death, if wrath from Heaven impend;
- nor his a brave man's name and fame to share.”
- Thus in their doubtful cause the chieftains strove.
- Meanwhile Aeneas his assaulting line
- moved forward. The ill tidings wildly sped
- from royal hall to hall, and filled the town
- with rumors dark: for now the Trojan host
- o'er the wide plains from Tiber's wave was spread
- in close array of war. The people's soul
- was vexed and shaken, and its martial rage
- rose to the stern compulsion. Now for arms
- their terror calls; the youthful soldiery
- clamor for arms; the sires of riper days
- weep or repress their tears. On every side
- loud shouts and cries of dissonant acclaim
- trouble the air, as when in lofty grove
- legions of birds alight, or by the flood
- of Padus' fishy stream the shrieking swans
- far o'er the vocal marish fling their song.
- Then, seizing the swift moment, Turnus cried:
- “Once more, my countrymen,—ye sit in parle,
- lazily praising peace, while yonder foe
- speeds forth in arms our kingdom to obtain.”
- He spoke no more, but hied him in hot haste,
- and from the housetop called, “Volusus, go!
- Equip the Volscian companies! Lead forth
- my Rutules also! O'er the spreading plain,
- ye brothers Coras and Messapus range
- our host of cavalry! Let others guard
- the city's gates and hold the walls and towers:
- I and my followers elsewhere oppose
- the shock of arms.” Now to and fro they run
- to man the walls. Father Latinus quits—
- the place of council and his large design,
- vexed and bewildered by the hour's distress.
- He blames his own heart that he did not ask
- Trojan Aeneas for his daughter's Iord,
- and gain him for his kingdom's lasting friend.
- They dig them trenches at the gates, or lift
- burden of stakes and stones. The horn's harsh note
- sounds forth its murderous signal for the war;
- striplings and women, in a motley ring,
- defend the ramparts; the decisive hour
- lays tasks on all. Upon the citadel
- a train of matrons, with the doleful Queen,
- toward Pallas' temple moves, and in their hand
- are gifts and offerings. See, at their side
- the maid Lavinia, cause of all these tears,
- drops down her lovely eyes! The incense rolls
- in clouds above the altar; at the doors
- with wailing voice the women make this prayer:
- “Tritonian virgin, arbitress of war!
- Break of thyself yon Phrygian robber's spear!
- Hurl him down dying in the dust! Spill forth
- his evil blood beneath our lofty towers!”
- Fierce Turnus girds him, emulous to slay:
- a crimson coat of mail he wears, with scales
- of burnished bronze; beneath his knees are bound
- the golden greaves; upon his naked brow
- no helm he wears; but to his thigh is bound
- a glittering sword. Down from the citadel
- runs he, a golden glory, in his heart
- boldly exulting, while impatient hope
- fore-counts his fallen foes. He seemed as when,
- from pinfold bursting, breaking his strong chain,
- th' untrammelled stallion ranges the wide field,
- or tries him to a herd of feeding mares,
- or to some cooling river-bank he knows,
- most fierce and mettlesome; the streaming mane
- o'er neck and shoulder flies. Across his path
- Camilla with her Volscian escort came,
- and at the city-gate the royal maid
- down from her charger leaped; while all her band
- at her example glided to the ground,
- their horses leaving. Thus the virgin spoke:
- “Turnus, if confidence beseem the brave,
- I have no fear; but of myself do vow
- to meet yon squadrons of Aeneadae
- alone, and front me to the gathered charge
- of Tuscan cavalry. Let me alone
- the war's first venture-prove. Take station, thou,
- here at the walls, this rampart to defend.”
- With fixed eyes on the terror-striking maid,
- Turnus replied, “O boast of Italy,
- O virgin bold! What praise, what gratitude
- can words or deeds repay? But since thy soul
- so large of stature shows, I bid thee share
- my burden and my war. Our spies bring news
- that now Aeneas with pernicious mind
- sends light-armed horse before him, to alarm
- the plains below, while through the wilderness
- he climbs the steep hills, and approaches so
- our leaguered town. But I in sheltered grove
- a stratagem prepare, and bid my men
- in ambush at a mountain cross-road lie.
- Meet thou the charge of Tuscan cavalry
- with all thy banners. For auxiliar strength
- take bold Messapus with his Latin troop
- and King Tiburtus' men: but the command
- shall be thy task and care.” He spoke, and urged
- with like instruction for the coming fray
- Messapus and his captains; then advanced
- to meet the foe. There is a winding vale
- for armed deception and insidious war
- well fashioned, and by interlacing leaves
- screened darkly in; a small path thither leads,
- through strait defile-a passage boding ill.
- Above it, on a mountain's lofty brow,
- are points of outlook, level spaces fair,
- and many a safe, invisible retreat
- from whence on either hand to challenge war,
- or, standing on the ridges, to roll down
- huge mountain boulders. Thither Turnus fared,
- and, ranging the familiar tract, chose out
- his cunning ambush in the dangerous grove.