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                <requestUrn>urn:cts:latinLit:phi1348.abo016.perseus-eng2:25-26</requestUrn>
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                <urn>urn:cts:latinLit:phi1348.abo016.perseus-eng2:25-26</urn>
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                    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><text xml:lang="eng"><body><div xml:lang="eng" type="translation" n="urn:cts:latinLit:phi1348.abo016.perseus-eng2"><div type="textpart" n="25" subtype="chapter"><p>On his return from <placeName key="tgn,1000074">Greece</placeName>, arriving at
						<placeName key="tgn,7004474">Naples</placeName>, because he had commenced
					his career as a public performer in that city, he made his entrance in a chariot
					drawn by white horses through a breach in the city-wall, according to the
					practice of those who were victorious in the sacred Grecian games. In the same
					manner he entered <placeName key="perseus,Antium">Antium</placeName>, Alba, and
						<placeName key="perseus,Rome">Rome</placeName>. He made his entry into the
					city riding in the same chariot in which Augustus had triumphed, in a purple
					tunic, and a cloak embroidered with golden stars, having on his head the crown
					won at <placeName key="perseus,Olympia">Olympia</placeName>, and in his right
					hand that which was given him at the Parthian games: the rest being carried in a
					procession before him, with inscriptions denoting the places where they had been
					won, from whom, and in what plays or musical performances; whilst a train
					followed him with loud acclamations, crying out, that " they were the emperor's
					attendants, and the soldiers of his triumph." Having then caused an arch of the
					Circus Maximus <note anchored="true">The Circus Maximus, frequently mentioned by
						Suetonius, was so called because it was the largest of all the circuses in
						and about <placeName key="perseus,Rome">Rome</placeName>. Rudely constructed
						of timber by 'arquinius Drusus, and enlarged and improved with the growing
						fortunes of the republic, under the emperors it became a most superb
						building. Julius Caesar (c. xxxix) extended it, and surrounded it with a
						canal, ten feet deep and as many broad, to protect the spectators against
						danger from the chariots during the races. Claudius (c. xxi.) rebuilt the
						carceres with marble, and gilded the mete. This vast centre of attraction to
						the Roman people, in the games of which religion, politics, and amusement,
						were combined, was, according to Pliny, three stadia (of 625 feet) long, and
						one broad, and held 260,000 spectators; so that Juvenal says, "Totam hodie
						Roman circus capit."-Sat. xi. 195. This poetical exaggeration is applied by
						Addison to the Colosseum: "That on its public shews unpeopled <placeName key="perseus,Rome">Rome</placeName>."-Letter to Lord Halfax. The area of
						the Circus Maximus occupied the hollow between the <placeName key="tgn,3000935">Palatine</placeName> and <placeName key="tgn,4012809">Aventine</placeName> hills, so that it was overlooked by the imperial
						palace, from which the emperors had so full a view of it, that they could
						from that height give the signals for commencing the races. Few fragments of
						it remain; but from the circus of Caracalla, which is better preserved, a
						tolerably good idea of the ancient circus may be formed. For details of its
						parts, and the mode in which the sports were conducted, see Burton's
						Antiquities, p. 309, c. </note> to be taken down, he passed through the
					breach, as also through the Velabrum<note anchored="true">The Velabrum was a
						street in <placeName key="perseus,Rome">Rome</placeName>. See JULIUS Caesar,
						C. Xxxvii. </note> and the forum, to the <placeName key="tgn,3000935">Palatine</placeName> hill and the temple of Apollo. Every where as he
					marched along, victims were slain, whilst the streets were strewed with saffron,
					and birds, chaplets, and sweetmeats scattered abroad. He suspended the sacred
					crowns in his chamber, about his beds, and caused statues of himself to be
					erected in the attire of a harper, and had his likeness stamped upon the coin in
					the same dress. After this period, he was so tar from abating any thing of his
					application to music, that, for the preservation of his voice, he never
					addressed the soldiers but by messages, or with some person to deliver his
					speeches for him, when he thought fit to make his appearance amongst them. Nor
					did he ever do any thing either in jest or earnest, without a voice-master
					standing by him to caution him against overstraining his vocal organs, and to
					apply a handkerchief to his mouth when he did. He offered his friendship, or
					avowed open enmity to many, according as they were lavish or sparing in giving
					him their applause.</p></div><div type="textpart" n="26" subtype="chapter"><p>Petulancy, lewdness, luxury, avarice, and cruelty, he practised at first with
					reserve and in private, as if prompted to them only by the folly of youth, but,
					even then, the world was of opinion that they were the faults of his nature, and
					not of his age. After it was dark, he used to enter the taverns disguised in a
					cap or a wig, and ramble about the streets in sport, which was not void of
					mischief. He used to beat those he met coming home from supper; and, if they
					made any resistance, would wound them, and throw them into the common-sewer. He
					broke open and robbed shops; establishing an auction at home for selling his
					booty. In the scuffles which took place on those occasions, he often ran the
					hazard of losing his eyes, and even his life; being beaten almost to death by a
					senator, for handling his wife indecently. After this adventure, he never again
					ventured abroad at that time of night, without some tribunes following him at a
					little distance. In the day-time he would be carried to the theatre incognito in
					a litter, placing himself upon the upper part of the proscenium, where he not
					only witnessed the quarrels which arose on account of the performances, but also
					encouraged them. When they came to blows, and stones and pieces of broken
					benches began to fly about, he threw them plentifully amongst the people, and
					once even broke a praetor's head.</p></div></div></body></text></TEI>
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